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OSCOLA Referencing: Pinpoints

Pinpoints

Pinpoints are used to direct the reader to a specific paragraph or page within the source you are citing.

Paragraphs

To pinpoint to a paragraph, include the paragraph number in square brackets…

e.g. [1] means paragraph 1…

…or [1]-[2] means paragraphs 1 to 2…

…or [1], [5], [10] means paragraphs 1, 5 and 10 (excluding 2, 3, 4 etc.)

Example:

22 ibid [7]-[9]

Pages

To pinpoint to a page, include the page number without brackets…

e.g. 1 means page 1…

…or 1-2 means page 1 to 2…

…or 1, 5, 10 means pages 1, 5 and 10 (excluding 2, 3, 4 etc.)

Example:

34 Phipps (n 31) 124