A literature review is a systematic process of identifying key arguments in previous research, analyzing others' work, and comparing results. It involves critical analysis, testing views against studies, considering evidence reliability, and discussing findings with a supervisor.
Throughout your literature review, engage in critical analysis by questioning the validity and reliability of the sources. Consider the methodologies used, the strength of the evidence, and any biases or limitations. This will help you build a strong foundation for your research and position it within the existing body of knowledge.
Write analytical summaries because they synthesize a research work - evaluating its merits, limitations, and potential for further investigation, enabling the formulation and justification of the investigation's aims.
Example: General consensus on x exists, with Summer (2023) viewing it as a consequence of y, Winter (2020) presenting it as a …., but its main value lies in ….
When discussing findings, it is crucial to connect them to the existing literature, whether they confirm or challenge previous findings - you need to explain why.
In a discussion section, revise the literature review's focus to highlight important studies. Remove less relevant studies and add more significant ones. For postgraduates, a literature review is a work in progress, restructured multiple times as project focus shifts or new research is discovered. A thorough re-draft is necessary before submission.
Sources:
Study Advice at the University of Reading (2024) Literature reviews. Available at: https://libguides.reading.ac.uk/literaturereview/developing (Accessed: 31 July 2024).