SPIDER Framework
-useful for finding qualitative and, in particular, mixed-method research:
S - Sample (similar to Patient/Population of PICO)
PI - Phenomenon of interest (similar to PICO Intervention = topic of the research)
D - Design (methods used by the qualitative researchers to gather data, e.g. Focus Groups, Interviews, Observations)
E - Evaluation (similar to PICO Outcomes)
R - Research type (e.g. Phenomenology, Ethnography, Grounded theory, Case study)
Example
|
S |
Sample |
clinicians |
|
PI |
Phenomenon of interest |
EBP (Evidence Based Practice) |
|
D |
Design |
interview |
|
E |
Evaluation |
barriers |
|
R |
Research type |
phenomenology |
"What are the barriers felt by clinicians that lead to the reluctance to use EBP in practice?"
Possible keywords for the corresponding database search:
clinician* OR health care professional OR health care provider AND evidence-based practice OR EBP AND interview* OR focus group* AND barrier* OR hinder* OR resist* AND phenomenology
Cooke, A., Smith, D. and Booth, A. (2012) @Beyond PICO: The SPIDER tool for qualitative evidence synthesis', Quality Health Research, 22(10), pp. 1435-1443. DOI: 10.1177/1049732312452938.