SPIDER Framework
-useful for finding qualitative and, in particular, mixed-method research:
S - Sample (similar to Patient/Population of PICO)
PI - Phenomenon of interest (similar to PICO Intervention = topic of the research)
D - Design (methods used by the qualitative researchers to gather data, e.g. Focus Groups, Interviews, Observations)
E - Evaluation (similar to PICO Outcomes)
R - Research type (e.g. Phenomenology, Ethnography, Grounded theory, Case study)
Example
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S
|
Sample
|
clinicians
|
|
PI
|
Phenomenon of interest
|
EBP (Evidence Based Practice)
|
|
D
|
Design
|
interview
|
|
E
|
Evaluation
|
barriers
|
|
R
|
Research type
|
phenomenology
|
"What are the barriers felt by clinicians that lead to the reluctance to use EBP in practice?"
Possible keywords for the corresponding database search:
clinician* OR health care professional OR health care provider AND evidence-based practice OR EBP AND interview* OR focus group* AND barrier* OR hinder* OR resist* AND phenomenology
Cooke, A., Smith, D. and Booth, A. (2012) @Beyond PICO: The SPIDER tool for qualitative evidence synthesis', Quality Health Research, 22(10), pp. 1435-1443. DOI: 10.1177/1049732312452938.
